Personalised Cancer Medicine Flashcards 2025

Indications determined by the organ of origin
Colorectal Cancer
Colorectal Cancer

Standard

Recommended

Currently not recommended
  • Microsatellite Instability study*
  • KRAS, NRAS
  • BRAF
  • DPD
  • NTRK**
  • HER2***
  • Inmunoscore
  • CMS classification
  • MET
  • EGFR
  • FGFR
  • PI3K
* by IHQ (MLH1, PMS2, MSH2 and MSH6) o genetic study (BAT25 and BAT26, D2S123, D5S346 and D17S250).
** in tumors with microsatellite instability, MIG1 hypermetilation and RAS wild type (IHQ + FISH, NGS, RT-PCR, NanoString)
***(IHQ or FISH or NGS) en RAS y BRAF WT
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The Standard category is based on current treatment indications with approved funding by the Spanish National Health System.
The Recommended category is based on currentrecommendations by EMEA and FDA.

References:

1. García-Alfonso P, García-Carbonero R, García-Foncillas J, et al. Update of the recommendations for the determination of biomarkers in colorectal carcinoma: National Consensus of the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology and the Spanish Society of Pathology. Clin Transl Oncol. 2020 Nov;22(11):1976-1991. doi: 10.1007/s12094-020-02357-z.

2. Di Nicolantonio F, Vitiello PP, Marsoni S, Siena S, Tabernero J, Trusolino L, Bernards R, Bardelli A. Precision oncology in metastatic colorectal cancer - from biology to medicine. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2021 Aug;18(8):506-525. doi: 10.1038/s41571-021-00495-z.

3. Ros J, Vaghi C, Baraibar I, Saoudi González N, Rodríguez-Castells M, García A, Alcaraz A, Salva F, Tabernero J, Elez E. Targeting KRASG12C Mutation in Colorectal Cancer, A Review: New Arrows in the Quiver. Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Mar 14;25(6):3304. doi: 10.3390/ijms25063304. PMID: 38542278; PMCID: PMC10970443